Abstract
Two areas of research have recently converged to highlight important roles for Mn(2+) in pathogenesis: the recognition that both bacterial Nramp homologs and members of LraI family of proteins are Mn(2+) transporters. Their mutation is associated with decreased virulence of various bacterial species. Thus, Mn(2+) appears to be essential for bacterial virulence. This review describes what is currently known about Mn(2+) transport in prokaryotes and how prokaryotic Mn(2+) transport is regulated. Some of the phenotypes that arise when microorganisms lack Mn(2+) are then discussed, with an emphasis on those phenotypes involving pathogenesis. The concluding section describes possible enzymatic roles for Mn(2+) that might help explain why Mn(2+) is necessary for virulence.
MeSH terms
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ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / physiology
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Animals
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Bacillus anthracis / metabolism
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Bacillus anthracis / pathogenicity
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Bacteria / metabolism*
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Bacteria / pathogenicity
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Bacterial Proteins / physiology
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Biological Transport
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Carbon / metabolism
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Cation Transport Proteins / physiology
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Manganese / physiology*
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Mice
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis / metabolism
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis / pathogenicity
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Phosphorylation
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Repressor Proteins / physiology
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Salmonella typhimurium / metabolism
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Salmonella typhimurium / pathogenicity
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Streptococcus / metabolism
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Streptococcus / pathogenicity
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Virulence
Substances
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ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters
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Bacterial Proteins
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Cation Transport Proteins
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MntR protein, bacteria
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Repressor Proteins
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natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1
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Manganese
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Carbon