Seasonal variability in spontaneous cervical artery dissection

J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2006 May;77(5):677-9. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.2005.077073.

Abstract

We examined the seasonal variability of spontaneous cervical artery dissection (sCAD) by analysing prospectively collected data from 352 patients with 380 sCAD (361 symptomatic sCAD; 305 carotid and 75 vertebral artery dissections) admitted to two university hospitals with a catchment area of 2,200,000 inhabitants between 1985 and 2004. Presenting symptoms and signs of the 380 sCAD were ischaemic stroke in 241 (63%), transient ischaemic attack in 40 (11%), retinal ischemia in seven (2%), and non-ischaemic in 73 (19%) cases; 19 (5%) were asymptomatic sCAD. A seasonal pattern, with higher frequency of sCAD in winter (31.3%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 26.5 to 36.4; p=0.021) compared to spring (25.5%; 95% CI: 21.1 to 30.3), summer (23.5%; 95% CI: 19.3 to 28.3), and autumn (19.7%; 95% CI: 15.7 to 24.1) was observed. Although the cause of seasonality in sCAD is unclear, the winter peaks of infection, hypertension, and aortic dissection suggest common underlying mechanisms.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aortic Aneurysm / epidemiology
  • Aortic Dissection / epidemiology
  • Carotid Artery, Internal, Dissection / diagnosis
  • Carotid Artery, Internal, Dissection / epidemiology*
  • Carotid Artery, Internal, Dissection / etiology
  • Cerebral Infarction / diagnosis
  • Cerebral Infarction / epidemiology
  • Cerebral Infarction / etiology
  • Cohort Studies
  • Comorbidity
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Hospitals, University
  • Humans
  • Hypertension / epidemiology
  • Incidence
  • Infections / epidemiology
  • Magnetic Resonance Angiography
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neurologic Examination / statistics & numerical data
  • Prospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Seasons*
  • Statistics as Topic
  • Switzerland
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed
  • Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial
  • Vertebral Artery Dissection / diagnosis
  • Vertebral Artery Dissection / epidemiology*
  • Vertebral Artery Dissection / etiology