Abstract
AFTIR (after flowing through immobilized receptor) is a novel method for screening herbal extracts for pharmaceutical properties. Using AFTIR, we identified Cynarin in Echinacea purpurea by its selective binding to chip immobilized CD28, a receptor of T-cells, which is instrumental to immune functioning. The results of surface plasma resonance show that binding between immobilized CD28 and Cynarin is stronger than the binding between CD28 and CD80, a co-stimulated receptor of antigen presenting cells. Cynarin's function was verified by its ability to downregulate CD28-dependent interleukin-2 (IL-2) expression in a T-cell culture line. AFTIR offers promise as an efficient screening method for herbal medicines.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Animals
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B7-1 Antigen / chemistry
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CD28 Antigens / chemistry
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CD28 Antigens / genetics
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CD28 Antigens / physiology*
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Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
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Cinnamates / chemistry
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Cinnamates / isolation & purification
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Cinnamates / pharmacology*
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Echinacea / chemistry*
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Humans
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Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments / genetics
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Immunoglobulin G / genetics
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Immunosuppressive Agents / chemistry
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Immunosuppressive Agents / pharmacology*
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Interleukin-2 / biosynthesis
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Jurkat Cells
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Mice
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Plant Extracts / chemistry
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Recombinant Fusion Proteins / chemistry
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Signal Transduction
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Surface Plasmon Resonance
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T-Lymphocytes / drug effects*
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T-Lymphocytes / metabolism
Substances
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B7-1 Antigen
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CD28 Antigens
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Cinnamates
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Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments
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Immunoglobulin G
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Immunosuppressive Agents
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Interleukin-2
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Plant Extracts
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Recombinant Fusion Proteins
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cynarine