Escherichia coli RecQ is a rapid, efficient, and monomeric helicase

J Biol Chem. 2006 May 5;281(18):12655-63. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M513089200. Epub 2006 Feb 28.

Abstract

RecQ family helicases play a key role in chromosome maintenance. Despite extensive biochemical, biophysical, and structural studies, the mechanism by which helicase unwinds double-stranded DNA remains to be elucidated. Using a wide array of biochemical and biophysical approaches, we have previously shown that the Escherichia coli RecQ helicase functions as a monomer. In this study, we have further characterized the kinetic mechanism of the RecQ-catalyzed unwinding of duplex DNA using the fluorometric stopped-flow method based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer. Our results show that RecQ helicase binds preferentially to 3'-flanking duplex DNA. Under the pre-steady-state conditions, the burst amplitude reveals a 1:1 ratio between RecQ and DNA substrate, suggesting that an active monomeric form of RecQ helicase is involved in the catalysis. Under the single-turnover conditions, the RecQ-catalyzed unwinding is independent of the 3'-tail length, indicating that functional interactions between RecQ molecules are not implicated in the DNA unwinding. It was further determined that RecQ unwinds DNA rapidly with a step size of 4 bp and a rate of approximately 21 steps/s. These kinetic results not only further support our previous conclusion that E. coli RecQ functions as a monomer but also suggest that some of the Superfamily 2 helicases may function through an "inchworm" mechanism.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adenosine Triphosphatases / metabolism*
  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Anisotropy
  • Catalysis
  • DNA / chemistry
  • DNA Helicases / chemistry
  • DNA Helicases / metabolism*
  • DNA, Single-Stranded / chemistry
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Escherichia coli / metabolism*
  • Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer
  • Kinetics
  • Molecular Conformation
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Protein Binding
  • RecQ Helicases

Substances

  • DNA, Single-Stranded
  • DNA
  • Adenosine Triphosphatases
  • RecQ protein, E coli
  • DNA Helicases
  • RecQ Helicases