A novel Gram-positive bacterial strain, designated KV-614T, was isolated from a soil sample using an agar medium supplemented with superoxide dismutase. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, it was found that the strain represented a novel deep-rooting lineage within the class Actinobacteria and clustered with yet-uncultivated bacteria from terrestrial environments and some unidentified strains isolated by unique methods. The most closely related established genus was Conexibacter (92.4% sequence similarity to Conexibacter woesei DSM 14684T). Cells of strain KV-614T were rod-shaped and motile with long flagella. The strain was catalase-positive, oxidase-negative and grew under aerobic conditions. The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid and alanine and glutamic acid. The peptidoglycan acyl type was acetyl. The only detected isoprenoid quinone was demethylmenaquinone with seven isoprene units (DMK-7). Mycolic acids were not detected. The predominant cellular fatty acid was omega9c-octadecenoic acid (C18:1omega9c). Minor components were 12-methyl tetradecanoic acid (anteiso-C15:0) and 14-methyl hexadecanoic acid (anteiso-C17:0). The DNA G+C content was 72 mol%. On the basis of phenotypic and genotypic characteristics, it is proposed that strain KV-614T represents a new genus and a novel species, Patulibacter minatonensis gen. nov., sp. nov., in the class Actinobacteria. The type strain is KV-614T (=NRRL B-24346T=JCM 12834T=NBRC 100761T). The creation of the family Patulibacteraceae fam. nov. is proposed to encompass the genus Patulibacter gen. nov.