alpha-Ketoglutarate (AKG) absorption from pig intestine and plasma pharmacokinetics

J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). 2005 Dec;89(11-12):419-26. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.2005.00566.x.

Abstract

To study the absorption, metabolism and kinetics, the AKG (in different concentrations) was administered intravenously, intra-portally, orally and directly into the ileum or duodenum of pigs, chronically fitted with portal and jugular catheters and T-shaped cannula at the duodenum and ileum. Additionally, this study was conducted to determine the influence of low pH, Fe(2+) or/and SO on AKG gut absorption and conversely FeSO(4) and FeSO(4)/AKG on Fe(2+) gut absorption. It is concluded that AKG was significantly better absorbed from the upper small intestine than from the distal sections. Furthermore, low pH, Fe(2+) and/or SO ions enhanced AKG absorption. The AKG administered to the portal vein was rapidly eliminated from the blood (half-life less than 5 min). The short lifetime for AKG is probably dependent on quick metabolism in the enteorcyetes and liver. However, the prolonged half-life can be related to its low AKG blood concentration. The Fe(2+) concentrations in blood increased after FeSO(4) and FeSO(4)/AKG duodenal infusion. The implication of above observations is important for practical application of the AKG in animal and human nutrition as well in medicine.

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Oral
  • Animal Feed
  • Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
  • Animals
  • Area Under Curve
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Enterocytes / metabolism
  • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
  • Infusions, Intravenous / veterinary
  • Intestinal Absorption / drug effects*
  • Iron / metabolism
  • Iron / pharmacology*
  • Ketoglutaric Acids / administration & dosage*
  • Ketoglutaric Acids / pharmacokinetics*
  • Liver / metabolism
  • Male
  • Portal Vein / metabolism
  • Random Allocation
  • Swine / blood
  • Swine / metabolism*

Substances

  • Ketoglutaric Acids
  • Iron