The absolute number of patients with lung cancer is rising as a result of our aging population. Until recently, clinicians have been reluctant to aggressively treat elderly patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) because of a lack of supportive data and concern for potential toxicity. Recently, evidence has emerged that suggests that, similar to younger patients, healthy elderly patients can benefit from therapy in all stages of NSCLC. This review will discuss the findings that indicate that chronologic age alone should not be a barrier to appropriate treatment for NSCLC, but consideration should be given to more important prognostic factors such as comorbidities and performance status.