Introduction: Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) rarely develops in patients with solid organ transplantation.
Patients and method: We describe the clinical, biological, electrophysiological and neuropathological features of 4 patients with solid organ transplantation who developed CIDP. Two patients had liver transplantation, one had kidney transplantation and one had lung transplantation.
Results: All 4 patients developed in the months following transplantation a syndrome that fulfilled criteria for definite CIDP. All patients had immunosuppressive therapy, with ciclosporin + prednisolone in 2 cases, tacrolimus in 1 case and azathioprine + prednisolone + ciclosporin in one case. One patient had chronic HCV and HBV infection. Treatment with intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) and/or a change in immunosuppressive therapy improved the neuropathy in all cases.
Conclusion: CIDP is a rare and potentially treatable condition that should be considered in all patients with solid organ transplantation who develop a rapidly disabling sensorimotor polyneuropathy.