Working memory deficiency has been implicated in developmental disorders of scholastic skills. The auditory P50 component of event-related potentials reflecting preattentive processing was investigated in 38 children with developmental disorders of scholastic skills and 19 sibling control children, as elicited during a working memory test. The P50 was evoked by two tones of low and high frequency (500 Hz and 3000 Hz). The group with developmental disorders of scholastic skills showed prolonged P50 latency induced by the low tone, located at the frontal area. The amplitude of P50 induced by the low tone exhibited significantly negative associations with both age and memory performance, whereas age and memory performance were associated positively. These findings indicate that preattentive processing deficits may be implicated not only in auditory cognition but also in developmental disorders of scholastic skills.