Many authors reported metabolic perturbations in connection with HIV infection. The aim of this studies was to determinate plasma lipids profile in non treated HIV infected adults in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso). The results obtain with 187 HIV infected patients showed a significative (p < 10(-6)) high level of LDL, triglycerid, atherogenic indice; HDL was decreased. The atherogenic risk is increased with lymphocytes CD4 depletion. Plasma lipids levels must be consider in the choice of antiretroviral treatment.