The current status of laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer is herein described. After cholecystectomy, laparoscopic colorectomy, minimally invasive surgery for an infection of the rectum, prepares a patient for endoscopic surgery. Opinion is still divided on the procedure, but it is likely to be recognized as a standard operation at least for early cancer. In recent years, randomized controlled trials have been compared to laparoscopic surgery and open surgery, and the results were almost the same. However, it will be possible for laparoscopic surgery to be performed on advanced cancer patients regularly hereafter. Thus, it is important to consider the technical background evidence and suitable cases.