Abstract
Megakaryocytes are the hematopoietic precursors of platelets, which play an essential role in thrombosis and hemostasis. Platelet factor 4 (PF4) is expressed exclusively in megakaryocytes and platelets and serves as a lineage-specific marker of megakaryocytic differentiation. We previously characterized a number of upstream enhancer and repressor elements and demonstrated that GATA-1 and ETS-1 are important for PF4 gene expression. Recently, we have determined the novel regulatory element termed "TME" in the PF4 promoter and identified a group of binding proteins from megakaryocytic HEL cells. Here we review the function of these proteins in PF4 gene expression and discuss megakaryocyte-specific gene expression and megakaryocytepoiesis.
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit / genetics
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Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit / physiology
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DNA
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DNA-Binding Proteins / genetics
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DNA-Binding Proteins / physiology
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GATA1 Transcription Factor / physiology
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Gene Expression Regulation / genetics*
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Homeodomain Proteins / genetics
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Homeodomain Proteins / physiology
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Humans
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Megakaryocytes* / physiology
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Myeloid Ecotropic Viral Integration Site 1 Protein
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Neoplasm Proteins / genetics
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Neoplasm Proteins / physiology
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Platelet Factor 4 / genetics*
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Pre-B-Cell Leukemia Transcription Factor 1
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Promoter Regions, Genetic
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Proto-Oncogene Protein c-ets-1 / physiology
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Proto-Oncogene Proteins / genetics
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Proto-Oncogene Proteins / physiology
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Tandem Repeat Sequences
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Transcription Factors* / genetics
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Transcription Factors* / physiology
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Upstream Stimulatory Factors / genetics
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Upstream Stimulatory Factors / physiology
Substances
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Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit
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DNA-Binding Proteins
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GATA1 Transcription Factor
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Homeodomain Proteins
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Myeloid Ecotropic Viral Integration Site 1 Protein
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Neoplasm Proteins
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Pre-B-Cell Leukemia Transcription Factor 1
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Proto-Oncogene Protein c-ets-1
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Proto-Oncogene Proteins
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RUNX1 protein, human
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Transcription Factors
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Upstream Stimulatory Factors
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PBX1 protein, human
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Platelet Factor 4
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DNA