Determination of furosemide in whole blood using SPE and GC-EI-MS

J Anal Toxicol. 2005 Jul-Aug;29(5):309-13. doi: 10.1093/jat/29.5.309.

Abstract

A simple and rapid method was validated to determine furosemide in whole blood. The experimental work was performed so that all validation parameters are considered simultaneously in a one-day assay protocol. A solid-phase extraction procedure using BondElut-LRC Certify columns was used to extract this compound from blood samples, while ketoprofen was used as an internal standard. The extracts were analyzed by gas chromatography-electron ionization-mass spectrometry after on-column derivatization with trimethylanilinium hydroxide (0.2M in methanol). Calibration curves were prepared daily, between 0.10 and 5.00 microg/mL, and the correlation coefficients were above 0.9910. The calculated limits of detection and quantitation were 0.010 and 0.045 microg/mL, respectively. Control samples at low, medium, and high concentrations (0.30, 0.75, and 3.00 microg/mL) of furosemide of an independent source were measured in the same day. Precision and trueness, calculated in terms of relative standard deviation (%), were less than 15% for all concentration levels. The relative recoveries calculated for the three levels of the control samples were 104%, 89%, and 91%, respectively. In general, a sensitive, specific, and reliable procedure has been developed for the determination of furosemide in whole blood samples and was found suitable for the application in postmortem forensic toxicology routine analysis.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Chromatography, Gas
  • Diuretics / blood*
  • Diuretics / poisoning
  • Ethanol / blood
  • Female
  • Furosemide / blood*
  • Furosemide / poisoning
  • Humans
  • Indicators and Reagents
  • Middle Aged
  • Quaternary Ammonium Compounds
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization
  • Substance Abuse Detection / methods*

Substances

  • Diuretics
  • Indicators and Reagents
  • Quaternary Ammonium Compounds
  • phenyltrimethylammonium
  • Ethanol
  • Furosemide