Objective: To evaluate the results of surgery and the diagnosis of stage I non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Methods: The survival of 274 stage I NSCLC patients who underwent surgery from 1991 to 1998 were statistically analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method. Comparison of the differences in survival rates among groups were made according to the Logrank test. The follow-up time was at least 5 years with a follow-up rate of 97.8%.
Results: The overall 1-, 3-, 5-year survival rates for patients with pathologic stage I lesion were 92.9%, 79.6% and 66.1%. The 5-year survival rates for patients with squamous-cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, adenosquamous and alveolar-cell carcinoma were 73.3%, 55.3%, 52.2%, 71.7%, respectively. The 1-, 3-, 5-year survival rates for T1N0 were 95.0%, 83.2%, 74.3% whereas those of T2N0 lung lesions were 90.8%, 75.9%, 59.9% (P < 0.05). The 1-, 3-, 5-year survival rates of regular lobectomy were 94.1%, 79.3%, 67.5% and of conservative resection (segmentectomy and wedge resection) were 76.5%, 50.0%, 38.3% (P < 0.05). There was no perioperative mortality. The postoperative complications were: intrathoracic hemorrhage (2 patients, successfully treated by second thoracotomy) and chylothorax (1 patient, healed after conservative treatment).
Conclusion: The 5-year survival rate of pathologic stage I non-small-cell lung cancer is 66.1%. The outcome of patients with squamous-cell carcinoma (73.3%) is similar to that of alveolar-cell carcinoma (71.7%) which, however, is better than that of adenocarcinoma (55.3%) or adenosquamouscarcinoma (52.5%). The overwhelming superiority in result of IA (T1N0) lesion (74.3%) over the IB (T2N0) disease (59.9%) is quite impressive. Regular lobectomy plus radical mediastinal lymph node dissection is the appropriate management for stage I non-small-cell lung cancer.