Eye-tracking architecture for biometrics and remote monitoring

Appl Opt. 2005 Feb 10;44(5):693-700. doi: 10.1364/ao.44.000693.

Abstract

Eye tracking is one of the latest technologies that has shown potential in several areas, including biometrics; human-computer interactions for people with and without disabilities; and noninvasive monitoring, detection, and even diagnosis of physiological and neurological problems in individuals. Current noninvasive eye-tracking methods achieve a 30-Hz rate with a low accuracy in gaze estimation, which is insufficient for many applications. We propose a new noninvasive optical eye-tracking system that is capable of operating at speeds as high as 6-12 kHz. A new CCD video camera and hardware architecture are used, and a novel fast algorithm leverages specific features of the input CCD camera to yield a real-time eye-tracking system. A field-programmable gate array is used to control the CCD camera and to execute the operations. Initial results show the excellent performance of our system under severe head-motion and low-contrast conditions.

Publication types

  • Evaluation Study

MeSH terms

  • Algorithms*
  • Biometry / instrumentation*
  • Biometry / methods
  • Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted / instrumentation*
  • Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted / methods
  • Equipment Design
  • Equipment Failure Analysis
  • Eye / anatomy & histology*
  • Eye Movements / physiology*
  • Feasibility Studies
  • Humans
  • Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / methods*
  • Ophthalmoscopes*
  • Ophthalmoscopy / methods
  • Photography / instrumentation
  • Photography / methods
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Video Recording / instrumentation
  • Video Recording / methods