Abstract
Papillary thyroid carcinomas are characterized in 70% of cases by the presence of either a RET/PTC rearrangement, or an activating point mutation of RAS or BRAF genes that induce a constitutive activation of the MAP kinase pathway. Follicular carcinomas are characterized by the presence of a RAS mutation or of a PAX8-PPARgamma rearrangement. Inactivating mutations of the p53 gene are found only in anaplastic thyroid carcinomas.
MeSH terms
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Adenocarcinoma, Follicular / genetics*
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Carcinoma, Papillary / genetics*
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Carcinoma, Papillary / therapy
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DNA-Binding Proteins / genetics
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Gene Rearrangement / genetics*
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Genes, ras / physiology
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Humans
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Nuclear Proteins / genetics
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Oncogene Proteins / genetics
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Oncogene Proteins, Fusion
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Oncogenes / genetics*
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PAX8 Transcription Factor
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PPAR gamma / genetics
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Paired Box Transcription Factors
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Point Mutation / genetics*
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Protein-Tyrosine Kinases
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Proto-Oncogene Proteins / genetics
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Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf / genetics
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Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met
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Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ret
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Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / genetics
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Receptors, Growth Factor / genetics
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Signal Transduction / genetics
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Thyroid Neoplasms / genetics*
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Thyroid Neoplasms / therapy
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Trans-Activators / genetics
Substances
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DNA-Binding Proteins
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Nuclear Proteins
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Oncogene Proteins
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Oncogene Proteins, Fusion
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PAX8 Transcription Factor
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PAX8 protein, human
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PPAR gamma
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Paired Box Transcription Factors
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Proto-Oncogene Proteins
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Receptors, Growth Factor
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Trans-Activators
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oncogene protein trk
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MET protein, human
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Protein-Tyrosine Kinases
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Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met
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Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ret
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RET protein, human
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Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases
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ret-PTC fusion oncoproteins, human
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Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf