Food allergy is a major cause of life-threatening hypersensitive reactions. Food-induced anaphylaxis is the most common reason for a person to present to the emergency department for treatment of the anaphylactic reaction. Avoiding the allergenic food is the only currently available method for sensitized patients to prevent further reactions. Strict avoidance of specific foods is accepted treatment of food-induced allergic reactions but is often an unrealistic therapeutic strategy for the treatment and prevention of food-induced hypersensivity reactions for the many reasons. Desirable therapeutic strategies for the treatment and prevention of the food allergies must be safe, relatively inexpensive, and easily administered. Recent advances in the understanding of the immunological mechanisms underlying allergic disease and better characterization of food allergens have greatly expanded the potential therapeutic option for future use. Several different forms of immunodulatory therapies are currently under investigation: peptide immunotherapy, mutated protein immunotherapy, allergen DNA immunization, vaccination with immunostimulatory DNA sequences, and anti-immunoglobulin E-therapy.