The neurosis-like manifestations take up an important place in the clinical symptomatology of elderly patients with a psychoorganic syndrome of vascular genesis. The objective of this study consisted in identifying the predictors of the therapy effectiveness for similar patients. 109 patients with the mean age equal to 68.3+/-1.4 years were evaluated. The complex therapy included correctors of the cerebral blood circulation, neurometabolic stimulators, psychotropic drugs as well as psychocorrective interventions. It was found that in neurosis-like states with predominance of anxiety, the peculiarities of patients' psychoemotional life conditions exert the greatest influence on the effectiveness of treatment. And in case of asthenic manifestations' leading position in the symptomatology of the above-mentioned states, in the foreground within this context the predictors connected with the intensity of cerebroorganic changes proper are situated. Modern antidepressants as well as their combinations with neuroleptics, which possess a "soft" effect, and nootropic drugs, have occupied a principal place in the effective pharmacotherapy of neurosis-like manifestations.