Abstract
The estrogen receptor plays an important role in the development of hormone-dependent breast cancer. Experimental and clinical studies showed that hypoxia was involved in tumor progression and in the resistance to anticancer agents. The scope of this review is to summarize recent observations on these two signaling pathways and to show their importance and possible interaction in the development of hormone-dependent breast cancer.
MeSH terms
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Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use
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Biomarkers, Tumor / physiology
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Breast Neoplasms / mortality
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Breast Neoplasms / physiopathology*
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Breast Neoplasms / therapy
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Cell Hypoxia / physiology*
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DNA-Binding Proteins / physiology*
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Disease Progression
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Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
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Erythropoietin / therapeutic use
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Estradiol / physiology*
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Female
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Genetic Therapy
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Hemoglobins / therapeutic use
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Humans
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Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1
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Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit
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Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent / mortality
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Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent / physiopathology*
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Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent / therapy
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Nuclear Proteins / physiology*
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Prognosis
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Receptors, Estrogen / physiology*
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Signal Transduction
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Transcription Factors / physiology*
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Tumor Suppressor Proteins / physiology
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Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / physiology
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Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / metabolism
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Von Hippel-Lindau Tumor Suppressor Protein
Substances
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Antineoplastic Agents
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Biomarkers, Tumor
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DNA-Binding Proteins
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HIF1A protein, human
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Hemoglobins
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Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1
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Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit
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Nuclear Proteins
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Receptors, Estrogen
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Transcription Factors
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Tumor Suppressor Proteins
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Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
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Erythropoietin
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Estradiol
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Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases
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Von Hippel-Lindau Tumor Suppressor Protein
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VHL protein, human