Understanding the phase-change mechanism of rewritable optical media

Nat Mater. 2004 Oct;3(10):703-8. doi: 10.1038/nmat1215. Epub 2004 Sep 12.

Abstract

Present-day multimedia strongly rely on rewritable phase-change optical memories. We demonstrate that, different from the current consensus, Ge(2)Sb(2)Te(5), the material of choice in DVD-RAM, does not possess the rocksalt structure but more likely consists of well-defined rigid building blocks that are randomly oriented in space consistent with cubic symmetry. Laser-induced amorphization results in drastic shortening of covalent bonds and a decrease in the mean-square relative displacement, demonstrating a substantial increase in the degree of short-range ordering, in sharp contrast to the amorphization of typical covalently bonded solids. This novel order-disorder transition is due to an umbrella-flip of Ge atoms from an octahedral position into a tetrahedral position without rupture of strong covalent bonds. It is this unique two-state nature of the transformation that ensures fast DVD performance and repeatable switching over ten million cycles.

Publication types

  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Alloys / chemistry*
  • Antimony / chemistry*
  • Computers
  • Germanium / chemistry*
  • Manufactured Materials*
  • Spectrum Analysis, Raman
  • Tellurium / chemistry*

Substances

  • Alloys
  • Germanium
  • Antimony
  • Tellurium