Purpose: To identify causes of nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate in a Vietnamese population.
Methods: In this study, 175 families with at least one case of cleft lip and/or palate were studied using the candidate genes TGFA, MSX1, and TGFB3.
Results: Transmission distortion for alleles of MSX1 were demonstrated for the whole population and two missense mutations were identified, including one (P147Q) that is found in approximately 2% of the population. The P147Q appears to arise from a founder individual based on shared haplotypes in unrelated families.
Conclusions: MSX1 contributes to nonsyndromic clefting in a Vietnamese population, and consistent with other studies, identifiable mutations in this gene cause about 2% of cases of nonsyndromic clefting.