Over the past decade, self-efficacy has become one of the most measured variables in studies on health behaviors and patient education. The concept was originally proposed in 1977 by Bandura, who initially promoted its use in social science research, especially psychology. It is now considered one of the most important determinants of health-related behaviors. Using Walker and Avant's concept analysis methods, the authors clarify the attributes and characteristics of self-efficacy. Refinement of this concept is proposed as a prerequisite for application to nursing research and practice.