[Imaging of chronic and intermittent adult upper urinary tract obstruction]

Abstract

State-of-the-art analysis of non invasive diagnostic imaging techniques to demonstrate upper urinary tract obstruction. Advances in imaging techniques are illustrated (sonography, CT scan, MRI). The imaging features of different presentations of chronic and intermittent obstruction are described with reference to current imaging modalities. New strategies for evaluation of chronic and intermittent upper urinary tract obstruction are proposed using ultrasonography as the first line examination. The role of MRI is illustrated. Causes of obstruction are classified based from the intraluminal, parietal or extrinsic location of the lesion.