Hypertension accelerates the deterioration of the function of transplanted kidney. Aggressive control of blood pressure is recommended in post-transplant period when maintenance levels of the immunosuppressive drugs are achieved. The aim of this study was to compare the transplanted kidney function in two groups of the hypertensive patients matched for age, sex, HLA-mismatches, early post-transplant course, standard triple immunosuppression and hypotensive therapy during 3 years of follow-up. The mean through-levels of cyclosporine A in whole blood were similar in both groups and did not exceed 185 ng/ml. Group 1 consisted of 28 patients with satisfactory blood pressure (BP) control (arterial pressure below 160/90 mmHg) and group 2 consisted of 21 patients with unsatisfactory BP control. Slow but significant increase of the mean creatinine levels was observed in group 2 during 3 years of follow up, whereas in group 1 graft function remained stable. Cardiovascular events were observed only in group 2--stroke in one patient and death because of heart failure in one patient.