Objective: To determine the prognostic indicators of long-term survival after admission to a medical intensive care unit (MICU) for patients aged 80 years and over. DESIGN. Prospective cohort study.
Setting: A 14-bed MICU in a 970-bed, acute care, tertiary, university hospital in Paris, France.
Patients: A total of 233 patients aged 80 years and over discharged from a MICU during a 2-year period.
Measurements and main results: Severity at admission was estimated using the Simplified Acute Physiology Score. The underlying condition was classified using the MacCabe classification. The functional status was assessed using the Knaus classification. The outcome after MICU discharge was determined after a median 2-year follow-up. The functional outcome was assessed by telephone interviews, employing the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL). The in-MICU mortality was 19.5% including death occurring during the 2 days following discharge. The long-term survival rates for patients admitted to the MICU were 59% at 2 months, 33% at 2 years, and 29% at 3 years. The multivariate analysis identified two prognostic factors of death after discharge: presence of an underlying fatal disease (HR 1.7; 95% CI 1.1-2.6) and severe functional limitation (HR 1.7; 95% CI 1.2-2.6). The IADL was excellent or good for 56% of the surviving patients.
Conclusion: Long-term survival after MICU is mainly related to the underlying condition, whereas known factors for in-MICU survival do not influence long-term prognosis.