Among 180 patients with varying leukemias bronchopulmonary aspergillosis was diagnosed in 4 (2.2%). Further development of the methods for the treatment of the main disease in this category of patients permits prognosing a significant rise in the incidence of bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. The character of the clinical course of this infection and the ways for further improvements of its diagnosis in lifetime of leukemia patients have been considered.