Biosecurity issues as they impact on agriculture, health and the environment are becoming increasingly important. Surveillance is crucial in maintaining a country's biosecurity and this article looks at some of the issues in the context of Australia and its neighbors in the Asia-Pacific region, and emerging threats from parasitic diseases. The important threats to agriculture, public health and wildlife are highlighted, and attention is given to how future surveillance activities must be undertaken on a regional basis and involve neighboring countries if they are to be effective and lead to the protection of both the trade and health of the population.