Development suitable for clinical researches of hemolytic methods of determination of functional activity of the first components of a complement has allowed to show diagnostic value of testing activity of complement components in comparison with their contents as antigens. It has predetermined necessity for building modern ELISA tests-systems for quantitative determination of functional activity of complement components. Such methods built for the first time allow to determine activity of components C1q, C2, C3, C4 (and a ratio of isotypes C4A and C4B), C1-inhibitor, factors B and D. Addition of these tests-systems ELISA systems for quantitative determination of components, and in case of C1-inhibitor of presence IgG, IgA and IgM autoantibodies against C1-inhibitor frames opportunities of an evaluation complement status of the patient, hereditary predisposition to such diseases as a stomach ulcer, the glaucoma, a clamidiosis, bacteroidosis, allows to carry out differential diagnostics of angioedema. Inhibition of covalent linkage C4b or C3b various endogenic and exogenous effectors during formation C3- and C5-convertases allows to understand processes of a regulation of a homeostasis, and also the mechanism of action of drugs.