Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) in patients treated for acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a rare event. We describe a patient with APL who developed MDS 40 months after entering complete remission (CR). Karyotypic analysis revealed monosomy 5 and 7, which are cytogenetic changes usually occurring after the use of alkylating agents. The patient had received only anthracyclines as potential leukemogenic drugs. A review of the literature on t-AML/MDS occurring after successful therapy for APL showed three similar cases. These observations suggest that anthracyclines may cause t-AML/MDS similar to that induced by alkylating agents.
MeSH terms
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Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / adverse effects*
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Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / therapeutic use
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Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5
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Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7
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Fatal Outcome
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Female
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Graft vs Host Disease / drug therapy
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Humans
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Immunosuppression Therapy
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Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / etiology
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Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute / drug therapy*
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Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute / therapy
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Middle Aged
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Monosomy
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Myelodysplastic Syndromes / chemically induced*
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Myelodysplastic Syndromes / genetics
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Myelodysplastic Syndromes / pathology
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Neoplasms, Second Primary / chemically induced*
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Neoplasms, Second Primary / genetics
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Neoplasms, Second Primary / pathology
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Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation / adverse effects
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Transplantation, Homologous
Substances
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Antibiotics, Antineoplastic