Lupus nephritis is a clinical manifestation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus with most prominent influence on the course of the disease. The most predictive parameters for development of renal failure are: type of hystological changes, degree of interstitial inflammation, serum creatinine concentration at the time of diagnosis and therapeutical protocols used in the treatment. Single center experience in a group of 220 lupus patients is presented in this paper. In 130 patients (59%) lupus nephritis was diagnosed by clinical and laboratory tests, while 74 kidney biopsies were performed. Proliferative type of lupus nephritis (class IV in 54% of cases and class III in 18.9%) was more frequent than the other histological types. During a long term follow up (range 1-17 years, mean 7.6 years) renal failure developed in 17 patients (24%), while 11% of patients developed uremia and required dialysis. Development of renal failure was influenced by histological changes with predominance of class IV lupus nephropathy, disseminated disease with more ARA criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus classification present at the time of kidney biopsy, more frequent lupus flares, persistence of low complement levels during the first year of follow-up and even earlier.