We briefly review the metabolism of the chloroplast stroma, and describe the structural modelling technique of elementary modes analysis. The technique is applied to a model of chloroplast metabolism to investigate viable pathways in the light, in the dark, and in the dark with the addition of sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase (normally inactive in the dark). The results of the analysis show that it is possible for starch degradation to enhance photosynthetic triose phosphate export in the light, but the reactions of the Calvin cycle alone are not capable of providing a sustainable flux from starch to triose phosphate in the dark. When reactions of the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway are taken into consideration, triose phosphate export in the dark becomes possible by the operation of a cyclic pathway not previously described. The effect of introducing sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase to the system are relatively minor and, we predict, innocuous in vivo. We conclude that, in contrast with the traditional view of the Calvin cycle and oxidative pentose phosphate pathway as separate systems, they are in fact, in the context of the chloroplast, complementary and overlapping components of the same system.