Impact of aluminium ions on the translation process in mice liver, kidney, skeletal muscle and heart was investigated in vivo as well as on the protein synthesis in liver cell-free translation system in vitro. We find that at early stages of intoxication the effect of aluminium ions on protein synthesis in muscle tissues differs qualitatively from that one in liver or kidneys. Most noticeable aluminium-induced changes of protein synthesis in organs in vivo occur within the first 15-20 h after intoxication. We show that aluminium ions activates protein synthesis in liver and kidneys (at 8-16 h) while in skeletal muscle and heart does not. These results indirectly are supported by the data of experiments in vitro, which demonstrate that at low concentration aluminium ions activates protein synthesis in the cell-free translation system prepared from liver.