Polar auxin transport plays a divergent role in plant growth and developmental processes including root and embryo development, vascular pattern formation and cell elongation. Recently isolated Arabidopsis pin gene family was believed to encode a component of auxin efflux carrier (Gälweiler et al, 1998). Based on the Arabidopsis pin1 sequence we have isolated a Brassica juncea cDNA (designated Bjpinl), which encoded a 70-kDa putative auxin efflux carrier. Deduced BjPIN1 shared 65% identities at protein level with AtPIN1 and was highly homologous to other putative PIN proteins of Arabidopsis (with highest homology to AtPIN3). Hydrophobic analysis showed similar structures between BjPIN1 and AtPIN proteins. Presence of 6 exons (varying in size between 65 bp and 1229 bp) and 5 introns (sizes between 89 bp and 463 bp) in the genomic fragment was revealed by comparing the genomic and cDNA sequences. Northern blot analysis indicated that Bjpinl was expressed in most of the tissues tested, with a relatively higher level of transcript in flowers and a lower level in root tissues. Promoter-reporter gene fusion studies further revealed the expression of Bjpinl in the mature pollen grains, young seeds, root tip, leaf vascular tissue and trace bundle, stem epidermis, cortex and vascular cells. BjPIN1 was localized on the plasma membrane as demonstrated through fusion expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP). Auxin efflux carrier activity was elevated in transgenic Arabidopsis expressing BjPIN1.