Is neurotoxicity associated with environmental trichloroethylene (TCE)?

Arch Environ Health. 2002 Mar-Apr;57(2):113-20. doi: 10.1080/00039890209602925.

Abstract

Individuals who lived near 2 electronic manufacturing plants were exposed to odorous chlorinated solvents by inhalation (directly) and by out gassing from well water. An exposure zone was defined by concentrations of trichloroethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, tetrachloroethylene, and vinyl chloride in groundwater. The author adopted trichloroethylene as a "shorthand" for the exposure designation. Residents complained of impaired recall and concentration, and of dizziness; therefore, the focus of this investigation was brain functions. Neurobehavioral functions, Profile of Mood States, frequencies of 35 symptoms, and questionnaire responses provided by 236 residents from exposure zones were compared with responses provided by 161 unexposed regional referents and by 67 Phoenix residents who lived outside the exposure zone areas. Pulmonary functions were measured with spirometry. Residents of the exposure zones were compared with regional referents, and the former had significantly (p < .05) delayed simple and choice reaction times, impaired balance, delayed blink reflex latency R-1, and abnormal color discrimination. In addition, these individuals had impaired (1) cognitive functions, (2) attention and perceptual motor speed, and (3) recall. Individuals who lived in exposure zones had airway obstructions. Adverse mood state scores and frequencies of 33 of 35 symptoms were elevated. In conclusion, individuals who lived in the exposure zones had neurobehavioral impairments, reduced pulmonary functions, elevated Profile of Mood State scores, and excessive symptom frequencies.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Arizona / epidemiology
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Causality
  • Environmental Exposure / adverse effects*
  • Environmental Exposure / analysis
  • Environmental Monitoring
  • Epidemiological Monitoring
  • Forced Expiratory Volume / drug effects
  • Humans
  • Inhalation Exposure / adverse effects*
  • Inhalation Exposure / analysis
  • Middle Aged
  • Neuropsychological Tests
  • Neurotoxicity Syndromes / diagnosis
  • Neurotoxicity Syndromes / epidemiology
  • Neurotoxicity Syndromes / etiology*
  • Residence Characteristics
  • Solvents / analysis
  • Solvents / poisoning*
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Tetrachloroethylene / analysis
  • Tetrachloroethylene / poisoning
  • Trichloroethanes / analysis
  • Trichloroethanes / poisoning
  • Trichloroethylene / analysis
  • Trichloroethylene / poisoning*
  • Urban Health
  • Vinyl Chloride / analysis
  • Vinyl Chloride / poisoning
  • Vital Capacity / drug effects
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical / adverse effects*
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical / analysis

Substances

  • Solvents
  • Trichloroethanes
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical
  • 1,1,1-trichloroethane
  • Trichloroethylene
  • Tetrachloroethylene
  • Vinyl Chloride