Introduction: Diabetes is one of the most frequent metabolic disorders that may be influenced by and occur during pregnancy. Hypertension is frequently associated with a diabetes and, as well as diabetes, is considered to be one of the risk factors of the cardiovascular and the renal disease. Diabetes during a pregnancy may predispose fetus, and therefore neonate, to develop several metabolic abnormalities. Abnormalities observed after delivery are primarily due to disregulated glucose homeostasis and are considered as indices of pregnant glycemic status.
Materials and methods: 44 neonates (28 boys and 16 girls) from pregnancies complicated by the diabetes (12 from pregnancy in course of insulin dependent diabetes mellitus diagnosed before the conception) were included into the study. During first day of life all newborns have blood pressure evaluated (Korotkoff's method; automated measurements using Vital Signs Dinamap Plus (Criticon Inc., USA)). After each blood pressure measurement the capillary blood glucose evaluation was performed (GlucoStix, Bayer GmbH, Germany).
Results: We found statistically significant differences between IDDM and GDM neonates in blood glucose concentration at 1/2 and 2 hours after delivery. In all measurements the mean results of systolic blood pressure were higher in IDDM than GDM group, however the difference did not reach significance level. When comparing mean arterial blood pressure significant difference was observed at 18 hour after birth.
Discussion and conclusions: We did not find significantly higher blood pressure in neonates born from IDDM complicated pregnancies (apart from mean arterial blood pressure in one measurement). Mean values of blood pressure in IDDM group were however higher than in GDM group. It may be a signal of improper tendency of the arterial blood pressure stabilization which may require additional studies.