The human genome project (HGP) began in 1990 with a projected completion time of 15 years. In that time period, the project expects to complete the sequencing of the total human genome, develop genetic maps to assign genes to specific regions on chromosomes, to identify genes associated with disease, and to develop new technologies for furthering genetic research and clinical testing. The project also intends to investigate ethical, social, and legal issues as well as to provide education about genetics to professionals and to the public. The HGP has seen many achievements yet has much to discover before completion. This article attempts to review the HGP and discuss its significance and various ethical issues in genetics.