During last twenty years, endemic Claviceps sorghi was largely replaced in India by an introduced species Claviceps africana. Recently, C. sorghi was found and isolated from Sorghum bicolor (Gulbarga, Karnataka). Macroconidia were smaller than in the type description, 7.6-14.5 (avg. 11.4) x 3.8-6.1 (avg. 4.8) microm; microconidia were rounded to oval, 2.5-3 microm in diameter. When plated, only the macroconidia underwent secondary conidiation. Sporulation was maintained only in cultures grown on sucrose-asparagine medium T2. Mycelium was reduced to sparse hyphae with numerous short conidiophores soon obscured by yeastlike conidial mass. RAPD patterns of isolates GUL, MH74 (Maharashtra), NAP7 and NAP5 (Andhra Pradesh) with 6 primers were almost identical and distinct from those of C. africana. Sequence of rDNA containing ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region for isolate GUL (AJ306621) corresponded to that of the authentic material of C. sorghi (AJ242869) confirming thus the presence of C. sorghi in Central India.