A clinical-and-laboratory analysis was done in 76 patients who had undergone transurethal resection (TUR) for benign hyperplasia of the prostate (PH). Included into a complex clinical-and-laboratory examination were bacteriological urine tests, with the causative agent isolated and identified, analysis of the course of the affection, assessment of X-ray findings, clinical analyses of urine and blood. With the purpose of preventing pyo-septic complications before surgery and postoperatively, cephtasidim (fortum), a broad-spectrum antibiotic, was prescribed. The analysis of the clinical studies made suggests to us that a rational antibiotic prophylaxis involving the use of cephtasidim in those patients presenting with benign PH makes the risk of development of the post-TUR PH infectious complications getting lower.