Abstract
This review summarizes the state of knowledge on D-glucosamine-6P synthesis catalyzed by glucosamine-6P synthase. The mechanisms of L-glutamine hydrolysis, ammonia transfer and fructose-6P conversion into D-glucosamine-6P are analyzed with the E. coli enzyme in light of recent X-ray structures. With 92 references this paper covers the literature up to June 2001 and emphasizes the potential implication of the mammalian glucosamine-6P synthase in type 2 diabetes.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Review
MeSH terms
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Ammonia / metabolism*
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Animals
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Catalysis
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Crystallography, X-Ray
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Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / enzymology*
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Escherichia coli / enzymology
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Fungi / enzymology
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Glucosamine / analogs & derivatives*
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Glucosamine / biosynthesis*
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Glucose / chemistry*
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Glucose / metabolism*
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Glucose-6-Phosphate / analogs & derivatives*
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Glucose-6-Phosphate / biosynthesis*
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Glutamine / chemistry
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Glutamine / metabolism
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Glutamine-Fructose-6-Phosphate Transaminase (Isomerizing) / chemistry*
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Glutamine-Fructose-6-Phosphate Transaminase (Isomerizing) / metabolism*
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Humans
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Hydrolysis
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Mice
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Molecular Structure
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Nitrogen / chemistry
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Nitrogen / metabolism
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Protein Conformation
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Rats
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Structure-Activity Relationship
Substances
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Glutamine
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glucosamine 6-phosphate
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Glucose-6-Phosphate
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Ammonia
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Glutamine-Fructose-6-Phosphate Transaminase (Isomerizing)
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Glucose
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Glucosamine
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Nitrogen