Efficient formal total synthesis of physostigmine and physovenine: conformational analysis of key intermediates

J Nat Prod. 2002 Feb;65(2):136-41. doi: 10.1021/np010475j.

Abstract

An efficient route for the formal total synthesis of physostigmine (1) and physovenine (2), alkaloids from 5-methoxyindole-3-acetonitrile, through a Grignard reagent 1,4-addition, is described. 2-Hydroxyindolenine 5, the key advanced intermediate for the synthetic targets, was converted either to esermethole (12) via a high-yielding (28%) seven-step sequence or to the C-ring oxygenated analogue 15 in a five-step sequence and 23% overall yield. (1)H NMR and molecular modeling analyses of esermethole (12) and the furoindolines 13 and 15 were used to deconvolute weighted time-average vicinal coupling constants to provide definite solution-state conformational preferences in CD(2)Cl(2) solvent.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Fabaceae / chemistry
  • Indole Alkaloids / chemistry
  • Indole Alkaloids / isolation & purification*
  • Models, Chemical
  • Molecular Conformation
  • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular
  • Physostigma / chemistry*
  • Physostigmine / analogs & derivatives*
  • Physostigmine / chemical synthesis*
  • Physostigmine / chemistry

Substances

  • Indole Alkaloids
  • physovenine
  • Physostigmine