Data visualisation for time series in environmental epidemiology

J Epidemiol Biostat. 2001;6(6):433-43. doi: 10.1080/135952201317225462.

Abstract

Background: Data visualisation has become an integral part of statistical modelling.

Methods: We present visualisation methods for preliminary exploration of time-series data, and graphical diagnostic methods for modelling relationships between time-series data in medicine. We use exploratory graphical methods to better understand the relationship between a time-series reponse and a number of potential covariates. Graphical methods are also used to examine any remaining information in the residuals from these models.

Results: We applied exploratory graphical methods to a time-series data set consisting of daily counts of hospital admissions for asthma, and pollution and climatic variables. We provide an overview of the most recent and widely applicable data-visualisation methods for portraying and analysing epidemiological time series.

Discussion: Exploratory graphical analysis allows insight into the underlying structure of observations in a data set, and graphical methods for diagnostic purposes after model-fitting provide insight into the fitted model and its inadequacies.

MeSH terms

  • Computer Graphics
  • Environmental Health / statistics & numerical data*
  • Environmental Pollution / statistics & numerical data
  • Epidemiology / statistics & numerical data
  • Humans
  • Models, Statistical*
  • Statistics, Nonparametric
  • Time Factors
  • Time and Motion Studies