The involvement of the carbohydrate components of the Azospirillum brasilense Sp245 capsules in bacterial protection from the action of extreme factors was investigated. The survival of encapsulated and non-encapsulated azospirilla exposed to elevated (46-48 degrees C) and below-freezing (-20 and -70 degrees C) temperatures, extreme pH values (2 and 10), and to drying was studied. High-molecular-weight carbohydrate-containing complexes (lipopolysaccharide-protein complex and polysaccharide-lipid complex) were isolated from the capsular material of azospirilla. It was shown that the addition of these complexes to the suspension of decapsulated cells before exposing them to extreme factors enhanced their survival rates by 15 to 51%.