Application of the combination of isotope ratio monitoring with isotope dilution mass spectrometry to the determination of glucose in serum

Abstract

Isotope ratio monitoring combined with n((13)C)/n((12)C) isotope dilution mass spectrometry (IRM/IDMS) provides results of low uncertainty of the order of 0.1% if it is applied to the analysis of simple mixtures as found in organic chemistry, even if only low (13)C spike additives to the sample are used. If the method is applied to the analysis of systems that require large-scale sample preparation prior to the measurement, such as the determination of glucose in serum, the results obtained exhibit a higher uncertainty that is comparable to that of the conventional gas chromatography/isotope dilution mass spectrometry (GC/IDMS) method. The reason for this observation is that the small contribution that the IRM/IDMS method makes to the uncertainty budget of the result is superimposed on a large contribution due to the sample preparation. It appears therefore that the IRM/IDMS method has no advantage over the conventional GC/IDMS method. However, if a series of measurements is carried out, and if a suitable experimental design is chosen, the IRM/IDMS method can provide valuable additional information. The influence of sample preparation on each individual result can be quantified as its deviation from the average value of all results of the series. From these data conclusions can be drawn for an improvement in sample preparation.