Antenatal hepatitis B screening - is there a need for a national policy?

Ir Med J. 2001 Apr;94(4):111-2, 114.

Abstract

Routine antenatal testing for hepatitis B carriage with maternal consent was introduced at the Rotunda in January 1998. The uptake of testing has been excellent; 99.98% of women presenting for antenatal care accepted hepatitis B (HBV) screening in the 30-months from January 1998 through June 2000. The prevalence of HBV carriage was 0.35% (58 pregnancies of 16,222 tested) increasing from 0.25% in 1998 (16 of 6227) to 0.45% in the first six months of 2000 (16 of 3484). Fifty-five women had 58 pregnancies (three women had two pregnancies). Two of these were e-antigen positive. HBV carrier status was previously unknown in 48 (87%). Two additional women had acute HBV infection in pregnancy. Forty-five infants have been born to mothers included in this screening programme. Audit of infant outcome reveals excellent compliance with immunisation and follow-up: 29 (64%) have completed the 3 dose HBV vaccination schedule to date. Thirteen infants (31%) are still attending; three are lost to follow-up including one whose family has emigrated. Routine antenatal screening for hepatitis B carriage is cost-effective and should be considered a standard of care in maternity practice.

MeSH terms

  • Carrier State
  • Female
  • Health Policy
  • Hepatitis B / prevention & control
  • Hepatitis B / transmission*
  • Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / analysis
  • Hepatitis B Vaccines / administration & dosage
  • Humans
  • Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical*
  • Ireland / epidemiology
  • Mass Screening
  • Pilot Projects
  • Pregnancy
  • Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / virology
  • Prenatal Diagnosis*

Substances

  • Hepatitis B Surface Antigens
  • Hepatitis B Vaccines