The present paper highlights quality aspects of the management of an Emergency Health Service Center (SSUEm 118, Varese) in order to identify the corrective measures required in a service that is increasingly close to the citizens real needs and expectations. Data were collected retrospectively on a total 54,301 calls for assistance in the period October 1997-March 1999 from an area covering some 1,300 sq.km with a population of 1,150,000 residents. That resident population was dramatically increased on a daily basis by heavy vehicle traffic particularly on the motorways to the area's many factories and to the Intercontinental Airport Malpensa 2000. The survey employed 7 anaesthetists and resuscitation staff, 14 nurses and 8 Italian Red Cross works from the Emergency Center. The researchers analysed the following phases: call reception and telephone conversation: ambulance dispatch, patient transportation and the alerting of the hospital of destination. The ServFMEA method was used for Quality Control with appropriate dispatch and the conduct and timing of the ambulance service in the Varese SSUEm 118 area. The data collected allowed for a detailed analysis of the accuracy of the information provided over the telephone (over-triage 58%, undertriage 2%), the usefulness of the telephone filter, the colour coding (correct in 40% of cases), pick-up times (5'40" on average) which were related to problems inherent in the ambulance call-out and the way ambulances reached the emergency (BLS 99%, ALS 1%, Air rescue < 1%). It was concluded that Varese SSUEm 118 was effectively and efficiently run in its first 18 months and results were improved as far as they could be given the inadequate funding of the Italian Heatlh Service.