The Nordic Labour Market Agreement gives Nordic medical specialist the right to be certified in the other Nordic countries. The agreement also provides for cooperation on specialist training between the five countries. This article is mainly based on published statements from the joint working group for medical manpower forecasts and specialist training in the Nordic countries. There are great differences between the countries in the way specialist training is organised. An underlying assumption in the Nordic agreement is that the level and quality of specialist training is the same in all five countries; however, there does not seem to be a corresponding coordination between the training systems adopted.