The entomopathogenic nematode-bacterium complex Heterorhabditis megidis Photorhabdus luminescens was cultured in 10-1 internal loop bioreactors with marine impellers at aeration rates of 0.3 vvm and 0.7 vvm. Process parameters like impeller velocity and oxygen saturation were controlled at equal set points. The bacterial density was assessed at 24 h. Nematode dauer juveniles (DJ) were then inoculated and the development to adults after 8 days and final DJ yields after 16 days were recorded. The bacterial population density and the nematode inoculum development was variable and was not influenced by the aeration rate. A significant effect on the yield was recorded at the highest aeration rate. This result was confirmed by a direct comparison in two 5-1 internal loop glass bioreactors at 0.3 vvm and 1.0 vvm, which were inoculated with nematode and bacterium pre-cultures from the same flask culture. Possible reasons for the positive correlation between aeration rate and DJ yield are discussed.