The authors report their experience with dual-chamber pacing in hypertrophy obstructive cardiomyopathy. 22 patients (14 women and 8 men) mean age 60 +/- 13 years were implanted between 1992 and 1998. The criteria for pace-maker implantation were the presence of severe symptoms related with hypertrophy obstructive cardiomyopathy (dyspnea, angina, syncope) and left ventricular outflow tract gradient at mean 30 mmHg. Before pacing, all patients received a medical therapy which included beta-blockers or calcium inhibitors. This treatment was considered as ineffective or responsible of side effects. Patients were followed-up at mean 35.1 +/- 20.3 months. During this period, symptoms improved (mean NYHA class 2.7 +/- 0.5 before pacing vs 1.4 +/- 0.5 after pacing) and left ventricular outflow tract lowered from 95.4 +/- 40.8 to 39.3 +/- 20.5 at 6 months. 34.3 +/- 23.4 at one year and 26.5 +/- 21 at the end of follow-up. Seven patients had RF ablation of atrio-ventricular junction for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation or for lack of hemodynamic improvement with pacing. This procedure permits a significative lowering of gradient and a better ventricular filling. In conclusion, dual-chamber pacing is effective for treatment of hypertrophy obstructive cardiomyopathy when medical therapy is ineffective or bad tolerated at condition of: perfect pacing with permanent ventricular capture and optimal AV delay; RF ablation of AV junction in one third of cases; medical therapy systematically associated in all patients.