The T-knot motif revisited

Biol Chem. 1999 Oct;380(10):1247-50. doi: 10.1515/BC.1999.159.

Abstract

The T-knot scaffold, a disulphide-reinforced structural motif shared by several proteins with very different biological functions, has been defined as 'a stretch of the protein chain which comprises two strands of a beta-sheet and three loops, knotted by two disulphides into the shape of the letter T'. In this communication we show that the presence of a central beta-sheet is not a required structural feature for proteins sharing the T-knot topology. Moreover, superposition of the three-dimensional structures of representative members of the T-knot family highlights a common and structurally well-defined core, formed by the two knotted disulphides, substituting for a larger residue-based hydrophobic core. These results suggest that folding and stability of the T-knot scaffold mainly depend on the geometry of the two knotted disulphides and on the loop length, and that the secondary structure elements are not a prerequisite for motif formation. Accordingly, a redefinition of the T-knot motif is proposed.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Anticoagulants / chemistry
  • Disulfides*
  • Epidermal Growth Factor / chemistry
  • Models, Molecular
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Mollusk Venoms / chemistry
  • Protein Structure, Secondary*
  • Proteins / chemistry*
  • Sequence Alignment
  • Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
  • Spider Venoms / chemistry

Substances

  • Anticoagulants
  • Disulfides
  • Mollusk Venoms
  • Proteins
  • Spider Venoms
  • Epidermal Growth Factor