There is a growing amount of evidence pointing to the fact that several endogenous and exogenous methylated compounds are potential formaldehyde generators in their biological reactions. N(G)-methylated lysines, N(G)-methylated as well as hydroxymethylated arginines, and 1'-methyl-ascorbigen have been examined in this respect. The apoptosis-inducing effect of formaldehyde molecules formed from methyl groups was earlier first published by our group. Dimedone, an artificial capturer molecule for formaldehyde, has been found to prevent the apoptosis-inducing effect of 1'-methyl-ascorbigen as well as N(G)-hydroxymethylated arginines. More recently resveratrol, present in grapes and wines, has been shown to have cardioprotective and cancer chemopreventive effect. Our group has been successful in demonstrating that this natural formaldehyde capturer molecule can also influence cell proliferation and apoptosis. The apoptosis-inducing or -preventing effect of formaldehyde generators and capturers seems to be dose-dependent and may be utilized in various disturbances of cell proliferation and active cell death.